How fresh should my coffee beans be?

Buy beans roasted within the last 2-4 weeks and use them within 30 days of roasting. Coffee degasses CO2 rapidly after roasting — espresso needs 7-14 days of rest post-roast, while filter coffee is best 4-21 days off roast. Store beans in an airtight, opaque container at room temperature. Never refrigerate; never freeze (unless vacuum-sealed for long-term storage).