What is an Americano and how is it made?

An Americano is espresso diluted with hot water, originating from American soldiers in WWII who wanted something similar to drip coffee. A typical Americano is 1–2 shots with 120–180ml of hot water added after. Add the water to the cup first, then pour espresso on top to preserve the crema. An Americano has similar caffeine to drip coffee but a distinctly different flavor profile — the espresso extraction process produces different compounds than drip.